![]() ![]() ![]() Large bone defects caused by trauma, inflammation, tumor resection, or skeletal abnormalities are a considerable challenge to reconstructive surgeons. ConclusionsĮarthworm extract has beneficial effects on bone cell cultures, indicating that earthworm extract is a potential agent for use in bone regeneration. Conversely, 3 mg/ml earthworm extract significantly reduced the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity of osteoclasts without altering cell viability. The most effective concentration of earthworm extract was 3 mg/ml, significantly increasing osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, matrix calcium deposition and the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin and osteocalcin. ResultsĮarthworm extract had a dose-dependent effect on bone cell activities. The optimal concentration of earthworm extract was determined by mitochondrial colorimetric assay, alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix calcium deposition, Western blotting and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity. Osteoblast-like MG-63 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were used for identifying the cellular effects of different concentrations of earthworm extract on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively. This study investigated the effects of earthworm extract on bone cell activities. Osteoblast and osteoclast activities are very important in bone remodeling, which is crucial to repair bone injuries. The potential benefits of earthworm ( Pheretima aspergillum) for healing have received considerable attention recently.
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